--- Empire State Grid (Recommended power practitioners have read)
REVIEW:
0, Introduction
1, background
2, the National Network of antennae
3, Liu Zhenya, pawn
4, imperial power
5, the difficult separation of major
6, in the foreseeable future transmission and distribution separated
7, confusing placement of separation
8, continue to promote the UHV
0, Introduction:
status in the current reform and institutional framework, the State Grid Corporation of such administrative monopoly and a strong expansion of the company's existence has its rationality and necessity. This is China's structural problems, the State Grid and other large central enterprises, the monopoly and attached to its body of public functions, is left to their natural endowments of history.
monopoly of almost all central enterprises around the voice of criticism. In fact, the monopoly itself is not terrible, in a relatively perfect market system, the monopoly will always be constrained, while China is the lack of such effective control; In addition, the National Network of scary is not only the monopoly itself, but also because This vast empire beyond imagination with the aggressive, powerful capabilities and ambitions of systemic lock, its huge monopoly profits created by the current and future unlimited possibilities, enough to make the body unable to stop.
1, the background
three 120-meter-high towers of UHV transmission tower in the Yellow River bank, called the three of these school-based steel giant tower across 40 multi-story, all the contempt of the foot.
here Gongyi City, Henan Kang Dian south of the Yellow River, the State Grid Corporation of China built the first million-volt level of UHV transmission lines southeastern Shanxi - Nanyang - Jingmen UHV AC pilot demonstration projects across the Yellow River from here, connectivity Mengzhou City, Henan Province, the other side. Power grid is the surging Yellow River water and sediment flowing coerced.
nearby villagers are often surprised at the monster's body mass, but they do not know, that's just a small microcosm of the empire grid.
tall and majestic image, is known as the up and running, the entire project will cost $ 5.8 billion, the line length of 640 kilometers, across the north, central and two grid.
Similarly, UHV is only part of the Empire of the huge plan. For such a large state-owned national grid company, it is difficult for outsiders to peep into the functioning of the whole picture, even so, the terrible giant forces everywhere can glimpse.
33 years ago, the 25-year-old Liu Zhenya, Shandong Province, only a technician called Poplar River power plant, after 20 years of struggle, to 1997, he is chairman of Shandong Electric Power Group Corporation, general manager and party secretary of the Shandong Luneng Group, Chairman of the Board, and single-handedly created a super football club.
State Grid Corporation of China in 2002 is the product of the power system, and its predecessor companies have a monopoly on state power all the Republic's electricity industry. In April 2002, the State Council issued Southern Power Grid Corporation of the two.
Liu Zhenya was transferred to Beijing as the State Grid Corporation, deputy head of the preparatory group, the State Grid Corporation was founded, he became vice president of State Grid Corporation and deputy secretary. October 2004, Liu Zhenya, general manager of State Grid Corporation was promoted to chief party secretary. Time from the beginning, Liu Zhenya, party and government powers in one set, the Chinese official in charge of this administrative monopoly power, and began to build this huge business empires. State Grid Corporation of the total assets of up to 1.6462 trillion yuan, enough to buy a lot of African countries, its employees 153.7 million, the same population than many countries even more. In 2005, the State Grid Corporation of the first short-listed U.S. .
8 years ago, when a high degree of monopoly power company removed per country, the reformist and regulatory experts who want to see China to form a full and orderly competition in the electricity market, but only eight years, a stronger Frankenstein is a British poet Shelley's wife Mary Shelley in 1818 created the world's first truly science-fiction novel The results of this monster is not controlled by its Creator, in retaliation for its owner, the monster made a lot of tragedy, and finally, it killed its owner, but also physically and mentally exhausted and died.
recent years, the State Grid Corporation is also trying to create an unprecedented monster, outside this fear and concern.
2, the National Network of antennae
sitting Sanlihe Road 46 China Machinery Industry Federation, major equipment in the office, the atmosphere is very boring, the Director of the Office of the sound head Hu Shuqing high emotion.
a high level of electrical equipment backbone enterprise group, she is more profound understanding of the body to the national grid company unimaginable energy.
Hu Shuqing these powerful energy not only refers to State Grid Corporation of strong financial strength, but the strong opposition of the parties, the State Grid Corporation was still able to successfully promote the acquisition, its clear violation of relevant electrical change the
time back to last July 17, in this day of two things shock the domestic electrical equipment industry. State Grid Corporation of China's Electric Power Research Institute and Ping An Trust & Investment Co., XJ Group, signed a 60% of shares in the future will further increase to 100%. On the same day, another subsidiary of State Grid Corporation State Grid International Technology Equipment Co., Ltd. and Henan SASAC Pingdingshan agreement, unpaid transferee of the high level group which holds 100% stake.
According to industry experts, XJ Group is China's set of power system automation, relay protection and DC power transmission equipment in a large enterprise, and the high level group is the backbone of the electrical switchgear, one of the three.
State Grid Corporation of advancing the behavior of the upstream equipment industry began in April last year with rumors, and caused the machine industries on behalf of the interests of China Machinery Industry Federation's strong opposition, they are already on the State Grid Corporation has been excluded from the domestic equipment and electrical equipment to block the practice of nationalization dissatisfaction. When the State Grid Corporation of the tentacles equipment industry, the China Machinery Industry Federation can not remain silent.
China Machinery Industry Federation, concern is building a national network of company
Experts have told equipment manufacturing industry.
to lead to relevant departments and to stop the State Grid Corporation of the leading manufacturers of high-voltage power transmission equipment, improper business mergers and acquisitions, China Machinery Industry Federation in May of last year through the State Council Research Office, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, China Federation of Industrial Economics and other institutions appeal. The internal reference strongly questioned the second national network of self-built manufacturing systems approach.
internal reference that the construction and operation of the grid for the core business of the State Grid Corporation, the recent positive development of their own equipment manufacturing industry, making the already overcapacity, fierce competition in the power equipment manufacturing market, is facing a lot of trouble and because of duplication result of the new trade monopoly and unfair competition. Article questioned the State Grid efforts to promote the second manufacturing system, contrary to the national electricity system over the years actively promoted the direction and goals.
2009 年 6 17, also in Beijing China Electric Industry Association held a meeting and invite the Ministry of Industry and electrical equipment manufacturing industry-related research institutes and enterprises, it has been hot in the industry for six months, The second manufacturing system's self-built
Hu Shuqing told .
7 月 17 日 State Grid's acquisition of many official relay the message of peace high exposure group, the China Machinery Industry Federation, the central enterprises to the State-investor submitted a more detailed report. It is alleged that in early November last year, the SAC to submit a report to the State Council clearly standing on the side of the State Grid: A national network of help to promote the acquisition of power transmission industry; Second, the acquisition will help the country's electricity network system; Third, the acquisition will help the country net enterprises bigger and stronger. Upon receipt of the State Council, SASAC
report, on November 11 to the State Council Legislative Affairs Office, the National Development and Reform Commission and State Electricity Regulatory Commission forwarded the SAC report, to seek the views of the three parties.
according to Articles about Development and Reform Commission and subsequently to the China Machinery Industry Federation was consulted, expressed opposition to the State Council, said the country is not only not conducive to the acquisition of network competition in the industry, but also not conducive to long power system determine the separation of major principle. Although the general direction of SERC is also opposed to the National Network of M & A activity, but that the promise of peace following the high domestic market share of less than 1% of network equipment market, it seems harmless.
for this vertical integration of its merger and acquisition activity, the State Grid Corporation has publicly denied the alleged monopoly, and hired well-known law firms in China Electric Power Research Institute replenishment of the antitrust issues involved in many peace relay high free transfer of state-owned property group involved in matters relating to the legal opinion issued by a special. Previous submissions that the Chinese EPRI new XJ Group subscribed registered capital, while China will lead to EPRI of XJ Group obtained a 60% stake and control of XJ Group, but the act does not have or may have eliminate or restrict competition. The latter is also believed that the second transfer line Pingdingshan SASAC and the State-owned enterprises under SASAC based on If this final approval of the State-allocated, then the expression is the national will, unlike the not undermine fair competition in the relevant provisions of the market environment.
controversy has continued, during the China Machinery Industry Federation on many occasions against the national network of mergers and acquisitions, but not the final position of the State Council. And obviously, the acquisition has entered the final approval stage, including Hu Shuqing, including many opponents of the results and did not have much confidence because they know that he is facing a super-large opponent.
3, Liu Zhenya, that if only a pawn
national network of electrical equipment company just acquired the so-called related-party transactions in order to obtain the benefits of competition through unfair benefit radii men shoes, it seems that this view is too simple. From the State Grid Corporation of the internal logic of development, these M & A activity is clearly National Grid's own strategy.
, State Grid to build China's Siemens. China Electric Power Research Institute in the capital increase of XJ Group Corporation antitrust issues involved in the special legal submissions, but also by the State Grid Corporation Law of the mouth that with foreign advanced technology and large multinational companies such as ABB, Mitsubishi Electric, Siemens and other than in new product research and development oakley military discount, product performance and financial strength, quality management, are still far less comprehensive competitiveness of existing large-scale power equipment species can not fully meet the domestic electricity needs of industrial development. Clearly, Liu Zhenya, State Grid Corporation will want to assume such a role, but he was confident the country does have such a network capacity. Therefore, the above legal opinion asserted that (for many relay of) The capital increase will help to break outside the oligarchs in power equipment manufacturing industry dominance.
Liu Zhenya, regardless of the outside world to describe
ambition is still the ideal, it is difficult to implement their own strong personalities around the established strategy. Once the vast empire to expand the soil to break, it is difficult for someone to stop the pace of it, which is the reason why the State Grid Corporation strongly questioned the courage to take the industry and contrary to the spirit of the reasons for the power system.
has happened from the point of view, the national network's ambition is clear not only in the high group of XJ Group on peace, but the two empires, two small pieces on the chessboard.
2009 年 12 27, a lot of big shot in the Nanjing Jiangning Economic and Technological Development Zone, a lively ground-breaking project site, State Grid Corporation of party members, the chief accountant Li Ruge, Nanjing deputy secretary, acting mayor Ji Jianye lead the country network company Nanjing government departments and major department heads to the scene to celebrate the country's first independent technology research and development around the smart grid, the core equipment manufacturing, the key product testing as the main content of the research industry base ) base State Grid Corporation of Nanjing is an important research units directly under the headquarters of Electric Power Research Institute, EPRI is also a national network to promote the industrialization of research findings and the high-tech enterprise founded by NARI Group's headquarters. State Grid Power Research by the National Network Nanjing Automation Research Institute and Wuhan High Voltage Research Institute of State Grid integration and re-established, mainly in power system automation, AC-DC high-voltage technology, water conservancy and hydropower project monitoring and control, communications and information engineering, equipment and time intelligent, power electronics, rail transportation and industrial control technology research, development and applications, and NARI Group play is an industrial and intelligent devices and other network equipment manufacturers and system integrators role.
to Nanjing to build the South's most important base for the electrical equipment industry, is under the State Grid Corporation announced a move early. Previously, EPRI has been quietly in Jiangsu province, more than one acquisition completed, under the command of more than 10 industrial companies. In 2009 alone, NARI Group put in the wire and cable manufacturing company in Jiangsu Silver Dragon Power Cable, Cable Co., Ltd. and Jiangsu Huai wins in circuit breakers, amorphous alloy transformers and other electrical equipment manufacturers in Jiangsu Pa Weier Electric Co., Ltd., Following the Power Technology Co., Ltd. Anhui far and away the software company following the football into his arms.
with State Grid Corporation proposed the building of smart grid, National Grid EPRI has made leaps and bounds of the target, the National Grid EPRI think this is a Xiao Shijie dean on January 21 this year, Congress workers announced their vision: With this opportunity, and strive to 4 years or so, to make the country a national grid network EPRI's research and development centers, equipment manufacturing center, technology center, testing center, State Grid Power Research Institute to develop a world-class scientific research institutions of power, the size of over $ 30 billion industry.
to boost the program, on July 20 last year, Liu Zhenya went to Nanjing, Jiangsu Party Secretary Liang Baohua and, Governor Luo Zhijun, Zhu Shanlu Nanjing Municipal Party Committee Secretary and other local leaders hold talks in Nanjing to finalize the construction of smart grid research and industrial base. Of course, the local government is more willing to see such a large project settled, given the State Grid Corporation of great enthusiasm.
the trip in Jiangsu, Changzhou, Liu Zhenya, also inspected the power transmission industry, including Changzhou Toshiba Transformer Co., Ltd., Changzhou Special Transformer Co., Ltd., Pacific Power Equipment Group, Changzhou High-tech Zone electrician electrical equipment Industrial Park, Liyang on Group, on the cable. Then there are rumors, or SASAC Changzhou Toshiba Transformer Co., Ltd. Changzhou shares transferred to the State Grid Corporation, Changzhou Toshiba is the first development and production of 500kV voltage power transformers, a joint venture, meanwhile, is located in Jiangsu Liyang on the cable group will also be incorporated into the State Grid Corporation.
soon, the rumor became fact. State Grid Corporation of China's net international transfer of technology and equipment company free from the hands of Changzhou City, Changzhou Toshiba has achieved a 33% stake. National network of international technology and equipment company was founded in August 2008, State Grid Corporation is a wholly owned subsidiary, the high level group was allocated in its subsidiary, State Grid Corporation is equipped to achieve their dream of total integrator, a more important chess pieces.
Insiders told the publication, Changzhou, many focused on the domestic power transmission companies, the national network will undoubtedly want to receive these enterprises are owned. Liu Zhenya
And in a few days before the trip to Nanjing, China Network, another large company located in Beijing China Electric Power Research Institute research group also officially a clear increase of XJ Group. China State Grid Corporation Power Research Institute is equipped with the total integrator Chongqing Chongqing to Taishan Cable Co., Ltd., Chongqing Shun Tai Tower Manufacturing Co., Ltd., and funded the establishment of a number of closely related with the grid system of industrial companies, at present, in addition to 20 Institute, China EPRI also has 17 technology companies.
According to the To promote the goals, China put forward a positive EPRI big industry and by providing training and equipment to improve system and equipment a single contribution rate of change of corporate strategy.
in the development of bigger and stronger incentives, the State Grid Corporation and its acquisition of the research group have the impulse to the expansion of natural health. According to the analysis of the electrical equipment industry, the other important key domestic enterprises such as Western Electric Group, Tianwei change red bottoms for cheap, Siyuan Electric, TBEA, etc., are included in the national grid integration Cengxianhoubei object.
interview, many domestic electrical equipment enterprises although cross-border expansion of the State Grid Corporation of dissatisfaction, but also worried about the future of their products in the tender will be subject to unfair treatment, but afraid to State Grid Corporation, the largest buyer of strong Few companies are willing to publicly stand up and express their views.
4, the face of imperial power
many criticized and questioned, State Grid Corporation insiders wronged. He believes that the State Grid Corporation has been the price of electrical equipment manufacturers blackmail, so the national network of peace and higher corporate acquisition XJ will make national network of well known production cost of the equipment, the real master product pricing.
list, thanks to the National Network is simply a gift, I know, many domestic companies have to always go to the State Grid Corporation of public relations, or a few years you may not get the orders. also believes that the equipment companies can bid, depends entirely on the attitude of the State Grid Corporation, State Grid Empire in the front, only to submit to the qualified production enterprises, where would be willing to bargain.
reported internal reference In January 2009, the Three Gorges underground power station engineering master sent direct current transmission project tender, wholly owned subsidiary of China State Grid Electric Power Research Institute joint French Areva (AREVA) as tender B, in the absence of qualifications and performance of under the bidding and winning; in a recent large-scale pumped-storage unit bidding for control devices, excitation equipment and other key ancillary equipment, State Grid Corporation of the tender will not pass to another of its wholly-owned subsidiary of State Grid Power Research Institute, and the Institute in this regard has not yet performance.
the interview, Hu Shuqing told the publication, she was sent to the Three Gorges underground power station DC power transmission engineering master tender, more familiar, then bid for the domestic transmission and distribution industry, there is only the central enterprises West Electric Group, at these areas, the Western Electric already has a mature technology and improve manufacturing capacity, while China EPRI does not have the appropriate technical capabilities, but also a lack of manufacturing capacity. But in the end China EPRI jointly with the French Areva company to offer lower than expected bid. Hu Shuqing that, in accordance with their offer, will definitely have to lose money, but because behind the company's national network of support and control, in clear violation of market rules, things can happen.
In order to bid is successful, China Power Research Institute and the French company Areva to make contact, hoping to make up for the French side of the technical strength of less than China EPRI, a subsidiary of Areva reportedly in HVDC transmission and distribution technology has advanced technology and years of engineering experience. China EPRI Web site public information, in April 2007, China Power Research Institute and the French AREVA T & D Co., Ltd. entered into a strategic cooperation framework agreement, Areva agreed to direct current converter valve technology transfer to China EPRI, then both sides have become increasingly close, frequent exchanges of visits between high-level. In 2008, EPRI has also sent a group of Chinese technicians to Areva (AREVA) in the UK transmission and distribution technology center training.
An industry experts believe that the French Areva, of course happy with such an institution with a strong background in-depth cooperation with China EPRI, Areva to open China's huge market power.
is true, this cooperation makes Areva recently received some of the previous two consecutive years is difficult to win the project, last year, due to Areva in DC valve technology with China EPRI's joint venture, the two sides in the country Black River Network's public bidding project in one fell swoop.
large mine? incorporated into the State Grid Corporation of the list, but in September 2007, China North Industries Group has the upper hand, from the smooth transfer of Tianwei Group, the hands free way to get Tianwei change 51.1% of the shares. Group Crosses in itself has made but myself unhappy with the State Grid Corporation, State Grid incorporated last year of high XJ news of peace has been established, the alleged soldiers loaded the Group's leadership expressed their opposition to the SASAC, the National network company much furious. Last year several large projects bidding, Tianwei change without a bid.
Recently, Hu Shuqing to Tianwei change research, Tianwei change the responsible person is wronged, but only the victims, small defects, the State Grid Corporation can drew Libi.
After several generations of hard work and the introduction of digestion and absorption, in the country's first successful operation of the 1000 kV UHV AC demonstration project, the domestic manufacturing enterprises play a key role, integrated localization rate of 90%. However, domestic equipment manufacturing enterprises in patent applications, the State Grid Corporation is asking to share patents. This means that manufacturers of other domestic and foreign companies to participate in future construction projects must first obtain the consent of the State Grid. In this way, China will further extend the monopoly network.
one has personally experienced the localization of UHV mechanical experts to the agreement, if you do not sign an agreement not to use the company's products, the strong pressure, many companies eventually have to recognize under the unfair trade.
5, the difficult separation of major
2010 year, twice the grid separation of major reform was shelved again in the leadership of the desk. It is reported that this year has been difficult labor reforms will be restarted, but according to the news has been made public, the focus of reform in the national network of already separated from the four groups between the secondary industry restructuring, the four auxiliary industry China Power Engineering Consulting Group Corporation, China Hydropower Engineering Consulting Group, China Gezhouba Hydropower Construction Group and the Group, are now the direct supervision of SASAC.
Many people believe that the industry, although the State Grid's acquisition of high promise of peace relay power equipment business, there are two major uncertainties, but the act itself established for the power system on the principle of separation of major damage has been far-reaching.
National Network in the wrong road to go that far.
change experts in the eyes of power, power to change 8 years, 5 documents to determine down the principle that only
anonymity of the State Electricity Regulatory Commission officials believe that the present situation, the separation of major reforms appear around in a circle, back to the starting point from the beginning. He believes that the current national network of electrical equipment acquired two companies to see, probably in the initial reform is designed to be cross-border network for the country and pave the way.
pure scientific research institutions, can not give it a bigger and stronger industrial incentive goals.
This is of course not complete the reform of the risks, but also a strong national network of company dictates.
2008 年初 early history of a rare snow and freezing weather hit central, eastern regional power grid and two in Hubei, Hunan, Henan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Chongqing, Zhejiang, Anhui, Fujian, Jiangsu Province, 10 level grid, national grid operating regions 545 counties (districts), 27 million are affected, including 80 counties (districts) supply almost all the disruption, Central, East China Power Grid 500 kilovolt lines down dozens of the tower, down rods, splitting and outages, snow, snow covered Freeze 500 kV power grid caused by the basic paralysis Guizhou, Hunan power grid was close to collapse. Later, according to China's power industry, authorities revealed that the power system so times a snowstorm caused direct economic losses of 400 billion yuan.
history of China's power grid caused by serious disasters in a number of experts on the State Grid Corporation of vertically integrated monopoly model and only emphasizes the construction of large capacity, long-distance behavior of large power grids criticism. However, the State Grid Corporation has vigorously promote the anti-ice protection electrical achievements, lobbying central to abandon the established separation of major reform.
has been reported publicly that after the snowstorm, the State Grid Corporation of the State Department immediately filed a strongly worded report,
State Grid Corporation of stress, anti-ice protection from this power can be seen, the device companies for the power grid construction and maintenance is very important. Taking into account the power emergency and safety equipment as a secondary business enterprise should not be stripped, but should remain within the main business, or organization can not efficiently repair team, will affect the normal electrical construction and maintenance.
In the eyes of reformers, which means the government somewhat threatening, but the State Grid Corporation has certainly achieved its purpose. It is said that the approval decision-making on this file is to From the present facts, is clearly contrary to high-level network for the country-style separation of major expansion has taken the attitude of silence.
disasters always seem to be an excuse to lobby the State Grid Corporation. SERC insiders who recalls, as to clarify the true cost of power grid, power grid in 2002 made it clear The end of 2004, the National Leading Group for electricity reform separation of major reform program will be the first reported decision-making, the industry looking forward to this. But has not issued official documents,
following years, the power to change to do multiple versions of the lead in developing a reform program, are due to the resistance greater unity among ministries and other issues and comments not stranded. Electricity reform,
national network of power generation scheme
2010 年 1 31, vice president of State Grid Corporation of India Biao Shu Grid Energy Research Institute in the country's Economic Development The national network of high-level for the industry reflects the strong wind and other clean energy online to explain difficult issues, he stressed the well-known saying: intermittent, random, schedulability and low, large-scale access to the grid after the operation will have a greater impact. developing too fast, but this grid operators themselves are involved in clean energy such as wind power generation, it wants to be the future of China's largest manufacturer of clean power generation.
This number seems a bit funny. But this is the power to encroach on areas of the State Grid Corporation of a roundabout strategy.
2002 years The reason is first necessary to change the power generation side and transmission side of the separation is to not have a natural monopoly in the power generation side of the field for market competition, breaking the old high degree of unity power transmission monopoly. Change in accordance with the intended electricity, Chang Wangfen from the reform must be in the
Although preliminary 2002 Changwang achieve separation and the formation of the five major power generation groups a competitive situation, but the State Grid Corporation apparently hopes to continue to encroach on power generation side, and the route of new energy power generation to build their own territory. In this regard, the outside world have been criticisms that have to build China's State Grid,
encroach on areas
local small hydro power of this model has been distributed in rural China, a major water feature. SHP also believes that small hydro for the elimination of poverty and reduce carbon dioxide emissions and protect the ecological environment and promote sustainable development in developing countries is extremely important.
has been attributed to these places where small hydropower water departments. Sichuan Hydropower Industry Group Expert Advisory Group leader Lee told the Road,
